See kille in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "kil"
}
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "odt:*killa<ety:inh<gmw-pro:*killjā<ety:inh<gem-pro:*kiljǭ<ety:der<ine-pro:<alt:*ǵi(H)-l-><ety:der<ine-pro:*ǵeyH->>>>>>>>",
"id": "riverbed",
"tree": "0"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*ǵi(H)-l-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ǵeyH-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*kiljǭ\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*killjā\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Dutch\", \"term\" : \"*killa\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"odt\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle Dutch\", \"term\" : \"kille\", \"lang\" : \"dum\" }\" data-id=\"riverbed\" data-lang=\"dum\" data-title=\"kille\" id=\"Middle_Dutch:_riverbed\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*killa"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *killa",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kiljǭ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kiljǭ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Dutch *killa, from Proto-Germanic *kiljǭ, ultimately related to *kīnaną (“to crack, split”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "dum-decl-noun-wk-f",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kille",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "killen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kille",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "killen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kille",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "killen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "killen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kille",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "killen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "killen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{stem}}}-",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{stem2}}}-",
"cat2": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "kille f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "kille f",
"name": "dum-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "dum-decl-noun-wk-f"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "dum",
"name": "Landforms",
"orig": "dum:Landforms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "dum",
"name": "Water",
"orig": "dum:Water",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Dutch entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"riverbed, channel"
],
"id": "en-kille-dum-noun-o98i3TCi",
"links": [
[
"riverbed",
"riverbed"
],
[
"channel",
"channel"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɪlːə/"
}
],
"word": "kille"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "kil"
}
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "odt:<ety:inh<gmw-pro:*kali<ety:inh<gem-pro:*kaliz>>>>",
"id": "cold",
"tree": "0"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*kalaną\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-iz\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"afeq\", \"is_invisible\" : \"all\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*kaliz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*kali\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"odt\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle Dutch\", \"term\" : \"kille\", \"lang\" : \"dum\" }\" data-id=\"cold\" data-lang=\"dum\" data-title=\"kille\" id=\"Middle_Dutch:_cold\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "odt",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch [Term?]",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*kali"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kali",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kaliz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kaliz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gel-",
"4": "",
"5": "to freeze, be cold"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gel- (“to freeze, be cold”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Dutch [Term?], from Proto-West Germanic *kali, from Proto-Germanic *kaliz, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gel- (“to freeze, be cold”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{stem}}}-",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{stem2}}}-",
"cat2": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "kille f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "kille f",
"name": "dum-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"id": "en-kille-dum-noun-47DEQpj8",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɪlːə/"
}
],
"word": "kille"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Dutch entries with etymon",
"Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle Dutch feminine nouns",
"Middle Dutch lemmas",
"Middle Dutch nouns",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gel-",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle Dutch weak feminine nouns",
"Old Dutch term requests",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Pages with inline etymon for redlinks",
"sv:Card games"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "kil"
}
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "odt:*killa<ety:inh<gmw-pro:*killjā<ety:inh<gem-pro:*kiljǭ<ety:der<ine-pro:<alt:*ǵi(H)-l-><ety:der<ine-pro:*ǵeyH->>>>>>>>",
"id": "riverbed",
"tree": "0"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*ǵi(H)-l-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ǵeyH-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*kiljǭ\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*killjā\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Dutch\", \"term\" : \"*killa\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"odt\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle Dutch\", \"term\" : \"kille\", \"lang\" : \"dum\" }\" data-id=\"riverbed\" data-lang=\"dum\" data-title=\"kille\" id=\"Middle_Dutch:_riverbed\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*killa"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *killa",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kiljǭ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kiljǭ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Dutch *killa, from Proto-Germanic *kiljǭ, ultimately related to *kīnaną (“to crack, split”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "dum-decl-noun-wk-f",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kille",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "killen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kille",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "killen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kille",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "killen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "killen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kille",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "killen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "killen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{stem}}}-",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{stem2}}}-",
"cat2": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "kille f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "kille f",
"name": "dum-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "dum-decl-noun-wk-f"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"dum:Landforms",
"dum:Water"
],
"glosses": [
"riverbed, channel"
],
"links": [
[
"riverbed",
"riverbed"
],
[
"channel",
"channel"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɪlːə/"
}
],
"word": "kille"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Dutch entries with etymon",
"Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle Dutch feminine nouns",
"Middle Dutch lemmas",
"Middle Dutch nouns",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gel-",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old Dutch term requests",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"sv:Card games"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "kil"
}
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "odt:<ety:inh<gmw-pro:*kali<ety:inh<gem-pro:*kaliz>>>>",
"id": "cold",
"tree": "0"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*kalaną\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-iz\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"afeq\", \"is_invisible\" : \"all\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*kaliz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*kali\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"odt\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle Dutch\", \"term\" : \"kille\", \"lang\" : \"dum\" }\" data-id=\"cold\" data-lang=\"dum\" data-title=\"kille\" id=\"Middle_Dutch:_cold\">",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "odt",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch [Term?]",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*kali"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *kali",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kaliz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kaliz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gel-",
"4": "",
"5": "to freeze, be cold"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gel- (“to freeze, be cold”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Dutch [Term?], from Proto-West Germanic *kali, from Proto-Germanic *kaliz, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gel- (“to freeze, be cold”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{stem}}}-",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{stem2}}}-",
"cat2": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "kille f",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "kille f",
"name": "dum-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"tags": [
"feminine",
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɪlːə/"
}
],
"word": "kille"
}
Download raw JSONL data for kille meaning in Middle Dutch (7.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle Dutch dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-07-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-07-06 using wiktextract (d9fa233 and 9e92f4b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.